A Brief Note On Ocean Water And Fresh Water - 959 Words

1) Sometimes different parts of the ocean are saltier than others. This salt comes from the rocks on land. The rain that falls on the land involves dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air. This then makes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid. As the rain wears away the rock, acids in the rainwater begin to disintegrate the rock. This process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particles. These ions are then carried away in runoff to rivers and streams and, eventually, to the ocean. A Lot of dissolved ions are used by organisms in the ocean and are removed from the water. Others are not used up and get left for long periods of time where their concentrations increase over time. Ocean water and fresh water are two different types of water for example salt water is made during the movement of water on land over time and fresh water contains only small amounts of salt.The components of rocks are broken down and become a part of a â€Å"salty† resolution. Ocean water has characteristics similar to freshwater with some apparent differences because of all the salts dissolved in water. The salinity of seawater is usually 35 parts per thousand in most marine areas. The standard salinity of ocean water is 3.5% which means that 35 grams of salt dissolve in a liter of seawater. The salinity of different bodies of water inhibit organisms from thriving in both saltwaterShow MoreRelatedBelize, only 8,867 sq. miles in size, is set on the northeast coast of Central America. The700 Words   |  3 Pagesnortheast coast of Central America. The Caribbean Sea lies to the east and from the air its turquoise waters are clear, permitting the colored coral formation of the nice coral reef to be simply discovered. Coral islands referred to as cayes, coated with stands of mangrove trees, dot the coast. Lying in aquamarine and jade-colored bays, these cayes shield the jungled lineation from t he ravages of the ocean. North of Central American country lies the peninsula of Mexico. The city Hondo, that emptiesRead MoreEnvironment Studies8323 Words   |  34 PagesCHAPTER NO: 01 1. Define the importance of Environmental Studies. Answer: Environment is derived from the French word Environ which means to encircle or surround. ENVIRONMENT is sum total of water, air, and land, inter-relationships among themselves and also with the human beings, other living organisms and property. The above definition given in Environment Act, 1986 clearly indicates that environment includes all the physical and biological surroundings and their interactions. ENVIRONMENTALRead MoreA Report On The Green Powder1585 Words   |  7 Pagesfor this green powder grow even larger. before I get into the health benefits of spirulina, let me first give you a brief history of spirulina, what is is and where it comes from. What Is Spirulina? Scientifically speaking, spirulina is a single-celled algae that grows on top of water, typically grown on top of pond or lake waters. You can see this green growth in pool waters too! Of course, the spirulina that we eat is completely safe and has been tested. Spirulina has been around for thousandsRead MoreMulti Disciplinary Nature of Environmnental Studies1828 Words   |  8 Pagesultimately has to be borne by the consumers.the producers who are the polluters ,will just shift the cost to the consumers . eg pigovian tax,sintax conservation of resources-the environment is the provider for all the materials needed by the man i.e. air,water ,minerals,timber ,shelter ,food etc. GNP is often used as a tool to measure economic growth and indicates the direction in which the economy is moving Environment and Sociology- Sociology is the study of family ,society,status,social mobility andRead MoreWaste Water Treatment, St Mary3573 Words   |  15 Pages1. Brief history of the plant(s) including design capacity and future expansion 1.1 Introduction This report will cover the history, operations and future potential for the St Marys Sewage Treatment Plant and St Mary’s Water Recycling Plant, which located in an industrial area in St Mary’s, a western suburb of Sydney. A group of subject 48350 Environmental and Sanitation Engineering students visited both plants, and observed the operations and maintenance of these wastewater treatment systemsRead MoreThe Future Of Renewable Energy2226 Words   |  9 Pageswith time. These sources are not typically exhausted and are environmental friendly. Although this paper will focuses more on hydropower, the types of renewable energy sources available in Canada include solar power, wind power, geothermal energy, ocean energy, and bio-energy. Renewable energy in Canada has as well had its environmental impacts. The outcomes pose various impacts to the environment either positively or negatively and end up affecting people’s lives. Canada has had greater embrace onRead MoreHospitality Management Essay2585 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Lesson 1 1. Prepare a brief report based on set task number 1. Investigate the range of hospitality businesses in your district. How many are there? What faction / section of the industry do they cater for? Make notes for a brief report on what you discover? I investigated the range of hospitality business in my district. My district is Midleton area in County Cork. I found six hospitality businesses in my area: Midleton Park Hotel Barnabrow House Ballymaloe House Read MoreWater, Whats The Purpose?2530 Words   |  11 PagesWater, What’s the Purpose? Water is an entity that has been around since the begging of time. It fills the earth, oceans with a bluish green essence. It flows from the faucet and runs beneath busy populated city streets throughout the world. Water is something that is not just something beautiful to glance at as it roars off the side of a mountain and forms a majestic waterfall or when your glass of water is clearer than crystal, that is something that many of people take for granted and somethingRead MoreWater, What s The Purpose?2640 Words   |  11 PagesWater, What’s the Purpose? Water is an entity that has been around since the begging of time. It fills the earth oceans with a bluish green essence. It flows from the faucet and runs beneath busy populated city streets throughout the world. Water is something that is not just something beautiful to glance at as it roars off the side of a mountain and forms a majestic waterfall or when your glass of water is clearer then crystal, that is something that many of people take for granted and somethingRead MoreThe Energy Supply And Usage Of Renewable Energy10339 Words   |  42 Pagesdiscuss a number of topics. The chapters are explained below: Chapter 1: This chapter will attempt to define the problem, discuss the specific objectives of the paper and detail the structure of the paper. Chapter 2: This chapter will attempt to give a brief understanding of PRO and PRO desalination pairing as well as discuss the viability of PRO in a general manner. Chapter 3: This chapter will attempt to discuss membranes in PRO and the major implications of membrane for PRO and other osmotic processes

The Issue Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research - 1391 Words

One of the biggest problems that biomedical scientists struggle with today is finding a cure to cancer. Thousands of scientists across the world devote their time and resources to solving this puzzle and saving thousands of lives. Over the last few decades, technology and medicine has advanced significantly increasing the life expectancy of the average human life. However, further steps need to be taken to achieve what doctors and scientists have set out to accomplish. In order to do this, many believe that embryonic stem cell research could be the key to unlocking a variety of medical problems. However, in the early 2000’s, the United States saw a significant decrease in federal funding available for this research. This could set back the medical advances by years if researchers could not continue their work. A decrease in restrictions while increasing federal funding for embryonic stem cell research is vital for taking steps forward in ethically finding cures for many injuri es and diseases that affect millions of people every day. Many scientists believe that embryonic stem cell (ESC) research is the key to curing diseases such as cancer and HIV. Stem cells are so important to biomedical research because they are primitive cells that are capable of replicating indefinitely producing a multitude of different types of cells. This means that one of these pre-determined cells has to potential of becoming any range of over two hundred tissues with epithelial cells to blood andShow MoreRelatedSupport of Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesEmbryonic stem cell is one of the most controversial, widely discussed medical issues in the United States today. The medical use of stem cell raises difficult moral and political questions. To understand about embryonic stem cell. I thought we should discuss what embryonic stem cells are. According to Scientific American; June 2004, embryonic stem are derived from the portion of a very early stage embryo that would eventually give rise to an entire body. Be cause embryonic stem cells originate inRead More Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pages Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the public’s perspective. This case study is based on facts and concernsRead MoreStem Cell Research Debate1119 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Stem Cell Research Debate There are only a small number of issues that are controversial as far as the public, the government and scientists are concerned. The father of all issues, however, is the debate that revolves around the ethics of stem cell research. Stem cells can be defined as those cells in an embryo that essentially give rise to the entire organism (Capra, 1999). In the contemporary world of today, the issue of embryonic stem cell research is one of this controversial significantRead MoreEmbryonic Stem Cells Or No?1006 Words   |  5 PagesEmbryonic Stem Cells or No? Did you know that since 1981, researchers have been removing embryonic stem cells from thousands of embryos to create cells that could potentially save people from diseases? How many patients do you think this has helped since then? Hundreds? Thousands? Wrong. In fact, not one â€Å"cure† has been found to help people with Parkinson’s, cancer, heart disease and so many more rare diseases that it is said to be able to help. Embryonic stem cell research has been an issue inRead MoreResearch On Stem Cell Research Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pages Stem Cell Research James A Merritt PIMA Medical institute Embryonic stem cell research is a controversial topic. In the religious aspect its man trying to play the authority of GOD on whether people should live, die or suffer from ailments and injuries. On a scientific and medical aspect it is compassionate people lookingRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research931 Words   |  4 Pages Embryonic stem cell research is the study of stem cells derived from the undifferentiated inner mass cells of a human embryo. For many years now, the ethics of embryonic stem cell research has been argued. A recent advance in this line of research is the ability to clone the embryonic stem cells, which allows for researchers to create a completely compatible embryonic stem cell to the individual’s tissue type. Though this new science may be very beneficial, not everyone can agree on the ethics ofRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1460 Words   |  6 Pages I believe that embryonic stem cell research should be allowed in the United States. From previous encounters with the topic I have learned that the many benefits that can come from stem cell research are without a doubt astounding and unimaginable. There are simply endless possibilities that can arise if the research was allowed to be conducted. From giving back vision to rebuilding tissue, any advance in stem cell research would be beneficial to the medical world. With the help that the advancesRead MoreStem Cells: Characterization and Biomedical Importance Essay example854 Words   |  4 PagesOver the past decade, stem cell biology has been an area that has caused much controversy. Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into many different types of cells and therefore, advocates of stem cell research argue that the cells have various medical applications. On the other hand, opponents of stem cell research denounce the use of human embryos for research purposes, claiming that the embryos represent human lives and that experimentation with them and subsequent annihilation of themRead MoreEssay about Embryonic Stem Cell Research1357 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Embryonic Stem Cell Research Embryonic stem cell research is a highly controversial topic in todays society, this kind of stem cell commits to regenerate any type of tissue. Unfortunately, Embryonic Stem Cell Research has a dark side. To obtain these cells will kill the embryo automatically. In other words, the acquirement of the Human Embryonic Stem Cell includes performing an abortion. To obtain these cells, it would kill the embryo. This has created controversy since abortion is suchRead MoreThe Debate Over Stem Cell Research1027 Words   |  5 PagesStem cell research is the study of basic cells that are grown in laboratories where tests are made to determine the essential properties of the cells. Over the past few decades, stem cell research has become a popular scientific debate and controversy. Stem cell research is still considered to be relatively new technology that is responsible for taking human cells and developing them into 220 different cells in the human body. Stem cell research has the poten tial to help disease research and management

Affirmative Action Free Essays

Affirmative action is a platform that was established by the government as a set of laws and policies for preventing discrimination against individuals. It was for the purpose of offering equal opportunities for employment, education, and business. Several of our formal Presidents has signed executive orders that was meant for all hiring to be equal regardless of race, color, or national origin with all government contractors and the other specifically for associations which received federal contracts and subcontracts eliminating discrimination within the workforce towards individuals centered on their race, color, religion, and national origin. We will write a custom essay sample on Affirmative Action or any similar topic only for you Order Now Later the affirmative action was modified to include no discriminating against one’s sex. Affirmative action also established preferential handling for minorities and women in the hiring process and the chance to receive a higher education. Affirmative action holds private employers accountable as well.During the Civil Rights movement, affirmation action was a tool that proposed opportunities for women and minorities and to provide equality for them. There are noted changes in how colleges recruit and enroll students, housing and also how using public transportation where now blacks can sit anywhere since Rosa Parks. Since affirmative action was primarily intended on improving chances for African Americans in employment and education, but there is still a low percentage of improvement that is why an executive order was signed and it required all government and private industry jobs to increase the number of women, disable individuals and minorities to either receive employment or to have the ability to gain an education or have additional training for work enhancement. There are numerous organization that uses affirmative action and equal employment opportunity policies within their business structure there is still a controversy today surrounding these issues. Are the equal employment opportunity and affirmative action policies have the same meaning? Let’s talk about equal employment opportunity first, the definition is that it bans all types of discrimination. This means that no matter the race, or gender everyone has the same chance of obtaining and getting promotions as well as training within the workforce. Whereas, affirmative action focus on past discrimination acts which were meant to give women, disabled individuals, and the minorities an equal footing in gaining employment and a higher education.It was to create equality between the workers and employers however it has caused extra adversity in the workforce. Because many believed that jobs held by whites were being jeopardized. Has affirmative action been consistently and effectively used to create a more robust and productive workforce? I would say yes; affirmative action has made it possible for many to see and earn their desired goals such as their life dreams. I feel that there are still many obstacles but if one applies themselves there are no limitations. Barak Obama was our nation’s first black President and there are many who hold prominent leadership roles that also includes women. Recently in the news, it was announced that the FBI, for the first time in history that there may be a woman heading this department.Though affirmative action has come along way there are those who still discriminate and don’t offer equal chances for others to succeed. Affirmative action has allowed the workforce to become more diverse in races, genders, and cultures. We must remember that the affirmative action is not about letting minorities to get into college or to get a job, but it’s about giving qualified individuals no matter their race a chance that they may not get otherwise.In conclusion has affirmative action been consistently and effectively used to create a more robust and productive workforce? I would say yes it has worked extremely well. I hope to see it continue because there are many more who could benefit from this program. How to cite Affirmative Action, Papers Affirmative Action Free Essays As much as we desire diversity, it will not occur if left to chance. We educate ourselves when we learn to interact with people of different colors and nationalities. During the last election, the majority of Americans voted for an African American President. We will write a custom essay sample on Affirmative Action or any similar topic only for you Order Now Why then do we continue to use affirmative action to fight inequality? It is not so easy to wipe away centuries of inferiority, shame, and scars, by simply anointing one minority to the highest position in the land. It will take positive steps to increase the representation of minorities in the areas of employment and education. One of the disadvantages of affirmative action is bypassing the very people that the program was designed to help because it was created on the basis of race not socioeconomic preferences, a failure that has undermined the nature of equality. The criticism that affirmative action is an unfair reward given to minority students because of their skin color, points to one of the disadvantages of ending affirmative action, which begs to ask if the end actually justifies the meanns. However, if skin color is used to discriminate against African Americans, then the same skin color must be used to level the playing field, and give African Americans a better shot at the American Dream. For African Americans to achieve this dream, the myths about affirmative action must be dispelled. One of the most controversial issues about affirmative action is the argument that the program uses quotas. According to Ethnic Majority (2012) â€Å"Affirmative action programs should: a) verify that inequities exist, b) set goals to eliminate the inequities, c) set timetables to meet the goals, d) disband the program after the goals are met.† If a company like Verizon for example, knows it has huge disparity between African Americans and the general population in its workforce, then the company may use affirmative action in its recruiting efforts to identify how many African Americans to hire, and then determine the levels and timeframe to hire them. Glazer, N. (1973) states â€Å"Goals or targets must be set on the basis of an estimate of the relevant labor pool for each underutilized group. † Opponents of affirmative action may argue that Verizon is setting a goal, and thereby instituting a quota. If that were true, Verizon would have to mandate that Call Center Supervisor jobs must go to African Americans or a specific number of African Americans must be hired, for that would be instituting a quota. What any company should do is comply with the affirmative action programs through its efforts more so than its results. Using affirmative action to set goals and target is not the same as using it as a quota. Affirmative action also has one important objective, to equalize opportunities in a system rive with inequality. Opponents of affirmative action calls it reversed discrimination. According to Kangas, S. (n. d. ), â€Å"those who use the term â€Å"reversed discrimination â€Å"are actually engaging in moral absolutism, a completely unworkable concept that has never been practiced by any society in history. † Steve Kangas has a compelling argument. Let us suppose that the government pass a law that no one person can forcefully take a property from the possession of another. However, one day, a person goes to a neighbor’s house with a gun and forcefully takes the property of his neighbor. Having identified the culprit, the neighbor called the police. The person who took the property refuses to give it back, whereupon the police pull their guns to forcefully retrieve the property. It would be illogical for the person who took the property from his neighbor to claim that the police broke the law for forcefully removing the property from his possession. Conversely, it is not reversed discrimination to seek to reconcile the injustices and terrible atrocities that include slavery and the refusal of the rights of women and minorities to vote.  (Kangas, S. n. d. ). It is like saying that the person who forcefully removes his neighbor’s property can evoke moral absolutism in order to avoid giving it up. The same logic makes the reversed discrimination argument invalid because correcting injustice is neither immoral nor against the law. The question of fairness is what makes affirmation action controversial. The program suffers a setback when the Supreme Court ruled against using race to integrate schools in Parents v Seattle and Meredith v Jefferson cases. A bitterly divided court did rule 5-4, â€Å"that programs in Seattle and Louisville, Ky. , which tried to maintain diversity in schools by considering race when assigning students to schools, are unconstitutional† (Yardley, W. and Lewin, T. , n. d. ). In spite of this setback, both sides of this argument have yet to answer all the important questions surrounding fairness. Education is the primary means of upward social mobility in America, and the fact that its costs have skyrocketed to such unprecedented levels means that only a select few can afford such a  luxury. (Larity, 2010). If on the basis two applicants, one white and one black, both applying for one job, or a place in college, should the black applicant’s race be used as one of the factors in his favor? What about that white person? Would he not be denied a job or a place in college if the black applicant’s race were used as a decisive factor? These are deeply troubling questions, and of all minorities, African Americans are acutely sensitive to them, having lived through difficult conditions, and denied equal rights for over 300 years.† In 1896 the Supreme Court sanctioned legal separation of the races by its ruling in H. A. Plessy v. J. H. Ferguson, which held that separate but equal facilities did not violate the U. S. Constitution’s Fourteenth Amendment† (Library of Congress, n. d. ). President Johnson in his commencement speech in 1965 said that equality of opportunity required more than simply ending discrimination. He felt that affirmative action could be interpreted in such a way that it would assure equality.  (Affirmative Action, n. d. ). Affirmative action might be seen as injustice to some, but the absence of fairness is in itself, an injustice to those who have been denied equality for so long. Through affirmative action, public policies and practices were designed to increase the presence of minorities in the competition of life where they have been historically excluded. The forbiddance of education for African Americans had deep roots in American history. In Virginia for example, the 1847 Virginia Criminal Code forbid any white person to assemble Negros for the purpose instructing them to read or write, an infraction that was punishable by confinement in jail and monetary fine. It was under this code that Margaret Douglass, of Norfolk, Virginia, a former slaveholder, â€Å"was arrested, imprisoned, and fined when authorities discovered that she was teaching â€Å"free colored children† of the Christ’s Church Sunday school to read and write† (Library of Congress, n. d. ). Many U. S. Presidents have weighed in and put their stamps on the issues surrounding affirmation action. In 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt issued an Executive Order to remove discrimination of African-Americans in the employment opportunities. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy passed Executive Order to provide indiscriminate employment opportunities and equal treatment of the employees, irrespective of a person’s race, color, origin, and creed. In 1971, President Richard Nixon gave the contractors of construction industries, incentive to hire minority. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan, passed an Executive Order to implement Minority Business Enterprise development. In 1995, President Bill Clinton, declared his full support for affirmative action by restoring economic opportunity. In 2000, President George W. Bush said that using race to include or exclude people from higher education†¦ is divisive. However, the Supreme Court gave its support to the issue of compensation for past discrimination in university admissions and declared it, constitutional. (Brunner, B. , n. d. ). In spite of the efforts by former U. S. Presidents to influence affirmative action during their terms in office, the program continues to go through many radical changes, and today, opponents believe that it is time the affirmative action law changed. The proponents of affirmative action made a mistake by simply focusing on race than the disadvantages of the program. If an institution that uses affirmative action cannot claim to bring white, black, and other minority students to the same leveled playing field, then the institution is simply creating a system that is solely depended on racial categories. Even Dr. Martin Luther King understood the disadvantages of today’s affirmative action when he said, â€Å"Many white workers whose economic condition is not too far removed from the economic condition of his black brother will find it difficult to accept special consideration to the Negro in the context of unemployment, joblessness, etc. and does not take into sufficient account their plight (that of the white worker)† (Larity, 2010). Another disadvantage that is often not talked about is instituting a program like affirmation that is based on race rather than socioeconomic level of all applicants. This has given the wealthy among the minorities an opportunity to exploit the program. A minority student who comes for a wealthy family takes advantage of the program because of race, and thereby splitting up the minority population as a wealthy minority student rise higher in the social ranks, than a poor minority student who slips further into abject poverty. (Larity, 2010). The losers of course are the forgotten poor white students who face similar difficulties in employment and education inherent in poverty, and are yet they received no help because of race. Dr.  Martin Luther King said it best, â€Å"It is a simple matter of justice that America, in dealing creatively with the task of raising the Negro from backwardness, should also be rescuing a large stratum of the forgotten white poor. † (Larity, 2010). For this reason, many white parents and supporters of affirmative have joined other less privileged minorities in a match to Washington to support affirmative action. (See Appendix 1). Opponents of affirmative action may argue that the goals of affirmative action have been met, and the time has come to disband the program and change the law. After all, an African American has achieved the ultimate or intended goal of the affirmative action program. The assertions that the current leader of the free world, President Obama was admitted to Columbia University despite undistinguished grades, became a U. S. Senator despite a mediocre record in Illinois, and was given a free pass in 2008 when he became the first African American President because American people wanted to bring historical diversity to the position (Education News, n. d. ) are utterly without merit disingenuous. It is true that under the constitution, equal protection is guaranteed for all citizens. Where the issue lies is the distinction that is based on race, and programs that critics of affirmation believe cannot pass constitutional muster until â€Å"the identified interest is served with the least harm to those who have not suffered discrimination† (Richardson, A. 2008). President Clinton once stated that affirmative action should not go on forever. In his remark, he suggested that we determine â€Å"what affirmative action is and what it isn’t† (Affirmative Action, 1995). Minorities have, for so long, been considered inferior and less capable than their white counterparts have. Affirmative action program afforded African Americans the opportunity to prove that given a chance, they were just as capable, and a young black man from Hawaii can in fact become the leader of the free world. That is what affirmative action is. What it is not, is the argument that affirmative action had nothing to do with Colin Power and Barack Obama achieving their respective positions. The point that should not be missed is that affirmative action made it possible to change stereotypes, and will continue to change as long as the program is not completely changed. The solution to the affirmative action problem will only be found when we come to the realization that it is not an issue of race, but rather an issue of class. Universities are not racist – their eagerness to comply with the directives of affirmative action clearly demonstrates this fact. by instituting a program of socioeconomic affirmative action, we will be aiding great numbers of poor minorities (whose poverty, not race, puts them at a disadvantage),  and at the same time we shall extend this aid to the hordes of poor white people who have been neglected, as well. Unless action is taken and affirmative action programs are altered to work on the basis of socioeconomic level, America’s poor – black, white, and Latino alike – will continue to be denied the means of upward mobility It is true today that an African American man called Barack Obama sits in the oval office, and he even nominated an opponent of different race that he narrowly defeated to a cabinet position. Given the pervasiveness of racial discrimination, a white man applying for a job, or a place in college, may not have engaged in any racial prejudice in his life. Although, he may be unaware of it, but by dints of his color, he has enjoyed a social, economic, and psychological advantage that has given him a head start in the competition of life. Politicians and the court must not depart from their earlier position of support for affirmative employment and admission. Sometimes resistance to discrimination takes so many forms that only rigid numerical rule like affirmative action can overcome it. If given the opportunity, children of color are capable of achieving their individual goals, not by receiving inferior education in public schools that are poorly funded, but by giving them the opportunity to compete on a level playing field with their privileged counterparts. It is clear that ethnic minorities are significantly under represented at selective institutions, and that something must be done to change this. However, it also holds true that to give an advantage to one student over another simply on the basis of race undermines the very nature of equality. When examined from this perspective, it appears that this controversy will never be decided to everyone’s satisfaction. Removing racial barriers to educational opportunities can only increase equity in education. Affirmative action is a tool that must be used to, not only achieve equal opportunity, but more importantly, to attain diversity. How to cite Affirmative Action, Papers Affirmative Action Free Essays Affirmative action is a practice that is intended to promote opportunities for the â€Å"protected class† which includes minorities, woman, and people with disabilities or any disadvantaged group for that matter. With affirmative action in place people of this protected class are given an even playing field in terms of hiring, promotion, as well as compensation. Historically, affirmative action is only known to have protected African Americans and woman; however that is not the case. We will write a custom essay sample on Affirmative Action or any similar topic only for you Order Now Affirmative action protects a variety of people and without this statute many people included in this protected class would be unfairly discriminated against. There are many reasons why affirmative action should continue to be a part of workplace such as: †¢Fosters diversity. †¢Educates our workforce on diversity. †¢Equips employees to achieve their highest contribution to the mission. †¢Challenges employees to make their maximum contribution to the mission. †¢Encourages employees to offer differing views and suggestions toward achieving organizational goals. †¢Respects and appreciates individual differences. †¢Provides equitable treatment and opportunities. †¢Creates and maintains an inclusive approach to all systems, policies, and practices (i. . , promotions, performance ratings, awards, training, assignments, and access to services). †¢Facilitates culture change to support wider diversity. People who are opposed to affirmative action often argue that it gives an unfair advantage to any member of this protected class; however that is far from the case. Affirmative action programs do not give racial preferences nor create quotas. In fact affirmative action programs are flexible therefore creating a legitimate selection process in the hiring aspect of the workplace. Although not in the workplace, an example of a flexible affirmative action program was seen at Ohio State University where they adopted the 10 percent rule. This rule admits students who are in the top 10% of their high school graduating class. Doing so allows colleges to take minorities who excel in marginal urban schools. This is a very legal way in ensuring minorities an even playing field (Campus that Looks like America). Because of the effectiveness of affirmative action other statues have been put into place to ensure that other members of this protected class are not getting discriminated against such as the Rehabilitation Act. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which makes it unlawful for certain employers to discriminate against a qualified individual exclusively by reason of her or his disability. The Rehabilitation Act does not specifically address medical inquiries, although it provides that the judicial standards used to determine whether an employer has unlawfully discriminated shall be the standards applied under the ADA. This is merely one of many statutes that were created as a part of affirmative action to promote equal employment. Clearly, with all of the mandates that were branched off of affirmative action the need for this program in the workplace is vital. Affirmative action promotes diversity which is known to be a vital part of any company’s success. Many companies even the U. S Government pride their selves on diversity and use various affirmative action programs to achieve such a company culture. For example the U. S. Census Bureau recently conducted a case study regarding the issue of diversity. The Census Bureau defines adversity as the all of the ways in which we differ. Among these dimensions are race, gender, age, disability, religion, sexual orientation and child/elder care responsibilities. The United States Government in acted a program within the Census Bureau in 1994 under the leadership of President Clinton, in hopes that he could build â€Å"a government that looks like America. † Further, he stated that: â€Å"Diversity transcends race and gender, affirmative action and Equal Employment Opportunity. It must encompass a fundamental appreciation of one another and a respect for both our similarities and our differences. It must include a heartfelt respect in attitude and in behavior towards those of different race, gender, age, sexual orientation, ethnicity and those with disabilities — all the facets that make each individual the unique and precious resource that each of us is. † In conclusion affirmative action is a vital part of society because it gives everyone a fair opportunity succeed regardless of race, gender, ethnicity or background. It also provides diversity in the workplace which will accurately reflects the community. . â€Å" Works Cited Merritt, J. (2002, March 10). Wanted: A Campus That Looks Like America – Businessweek. Businessweek – Business News, Stock Market Financial Advice. Retrieved September 4, 2012, from http://www. businessweek. com/stories/2002-03-10/wanted-a-campus-that-looks-like-america Jacobs, Roger. â€Å"Disability Discrimination, Reasonable Accommodation, and the Modified Commute. † 36. 4 (2011): 59-68. Print. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO): Policy Statements. (n. d. ). Census Bureau Homepage. Retrieved September 10, 2012, from http://www. census. gov/eeo/policy_statements/ Why Affirmative Action is Necessary in the Workplace Lawrence Smith James Lee Andrea Willis How to cite Affirmative Action, Papers Affirmative Action Free Essays â€Å"An action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education† – affirmative action, also commonly referred to as the paradox positive discrimination. 1 Affirmative action was designed as a temporary measure to insure a â€Å"leveled playing field† for all Americans specifically minorities and women. The affirmative action measure was created to be a catalyst in ending racial and gender discrimination in the workplace and was to be retracted once the presumable â€Å"playing field† was leveled. We will write a custom essay sample on Affirmative Action or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, through various flaws and shortcomings in the policy, it grew into a form of reverse discrimination where individuals that were well qualified for positions were turned down in lieu of minorities. When it was created, the affirmative action policy was a necessary step in insuring equality for all, but twenty-first century America has many restrictions and guidelines to prevent employers from discriminating against someone based on their race, gender, religion and national origin, proving affirmative action to be irrelevant. The essayist chose this topic because of her interest in the diversity of America’s current workforce. After various courses in economics as well as a course on public policy she became interested in programs designed to enhance social welfare in the United States of America. Also with growing concerns of immigration and the dwindling of whites as a majority in the United States, the topic of changes in the American workforce are sure to arise. The idea of affirmative action has drawn many supporting and opposing views since President John F. Kennedy first introduced it 1961 with the Executive Order number 10925. The order commanded all federal contractors (the public sector) to take â€Å"affirmative action to ensure that applicants are treated equally without regard to race, color, religion, sex or national origin. 2 As years went on, the progressive Civil Rights’ movement evolved the idea of affirmative action and called for it to encompass all public and private sectors in the United States. Affirmative action had many supporters including the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission that was created to insure equal opportunity in the workplace for all Americans. The idea of positive discrimination was rejected in the 1978 landmark court case Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, where the United States Supreme Court ruled that race could not be used as an admission standard to a university and â€Å"disadvantaged minority students† were not permitted to have admission spots reserved for them. Supporters of affirmative action believe that aiding those who have been historically disadvantage will insure the end of the cycle of poverty and call for a justified wealth distribution throughout the United States. It is statically proven that on average, minorities are less wealthy than whites. 4 Statistics also prove that individuals in low-income households are less likely to receive a college education therefore making them unqualified for most jobs in America’s current workforce. This cycle continues as these unqualified workers who were not able to get high paying jobs have children who are subsequently born into low-income households. In order for this cycle to discontinue, a policy should be put in place that will provide them an advantage over the wealthy white job seekers; the affirmative action policy provides this advantage. Sacrificing the well being of white males for a short period of time in order to catapult minorities and women into becoming qualified employees is a belief that many supporters of affirmative action hope for. Although the affirmative action policy was meant to be a temporary aid, a decade after it was created it morphed into a hypocritical attempt to fix a solution. College students from St. Norbert College, believe that â€Å"[it‘s] really justifying racism by it’s own actions. Its policies totally judge people solely on skin color and gender. That is discrimination in itself. †6 Those in opposition of affirmative action believe that it is not fair to discriminate against someone that has worked hard to become qualified for a job position. They believe that other programs such as scholarships and extra tutoring programs for the underprivileged are better solutions to solving inequality in the workplace. Once minorities become equally educated and acquire skills for jobs in today’s workforce, they will inherently level the playing field on their own. The issue of affirmative action has acquired many praises and oppositions. From when it was enacted over fifty years ago, it has transformed into a controversial subject. Although this topic was more relevant during the period of the Civil Right’s Movement, it has recently gained momentum with the growing minority population. How to cite Affirmative Action, Papers

Interpretation Of Ibsens a Dolls House Analysis Essay Example For Students

Interpretation Of Ibsens a Dolls House Analysis Essay Interpretation Of Ibsens a Dolls HouseInterpretation of Ibsens A Dolls HouseA Dolls House is classified under the second phase of HenrikIbsens career. It was during this period which he made the transition frommythical and historical dramas to plays dealing with social problems. It was thefirst in a series investigating the tensions of family life. Written during theVictorian era, the controversial play featuring a female protagonist seekingindividuality stirred up more controversy than any of his other works. Incontrast to many dramas of Scandinavia in that time which depicted the role ofwomen as the comforter, helper, and supporter of man, A Dolls Houseintroduced woman as having her own purposes and goals. The heroine, Nora Helmer,progresses during the course of the play eventually to realize that she mustdiscontinue the role of a doll and seek out her individuality. David Thomas describes the initial image of Nora as that of a doll wifewho revels in the thought of luxuries that can now be afforded, who is becomewith flirtation, and engages in childlike acts of disobedience (259). Thisinferior role from which Nora progressed is extremely important. Ibsen in hisA Dolls House depicts the role of women as subordinate in order to emphasizethe need to reform their role in society. Definite characteristics of the womens subordinate role in arelationship are emphasized through Noras contradicting actions. Herinfatuation with luxuries such as expensive Christmas gifts contradicts herresourcefulness in scrounging and buying cheap clothing; her defiance of Torvaldby eating forbidden Macaroons contradicts the submission of her opinions,including the decision of which dance outfit to wear, to her husband; and Norasflirtatious nature contradicts her devotion to her husband. These occurrencesemphasize the facets of a relationship in which women play a dependent role:finance, power, and love. Ibsen attracts our attention to these examples tohighlight the overall subordinate role that a woman plays compared to that ofher husband. The two sides of Nora contrast each other greatly and accentuatethe fact that she is lacking in independence of will. The mere fact that Noras well-intentioned action is considered illegalreflects womans subordinate position in society; but it is her actions thatprovide the insight to this position. It can be suggested that women have thepower to choose which rules to follow at home, but not in the business world,thus again indicating her subordinateness. Nora does not at first realize thatthe rules outside the household apply to her. This is evident in Noras meetingwith Krogstad regarding her borrowed money. In her opinion it was no crime fora woman to do everything possible to save her husbands life. She also believesthat her act will be overlooked because of her desperate situation. She failsto see that the law does not take into account the motivation behind her forgery. Marianne Sturman submits that this meeting with Krogstad was her firstconfrontation with the reality of a lawful society and she deals with it byattempting to distract herself with her Christmas decorations (16). Thus herfirst encounter with rules outside of her dolls house results in therealization of her naivety and inexperience with the real world due to hersubordinate role in society. The character of Nora is not only important in describing to role ofwomen, but also in emphasizing the impact of this role on a woman. Noras child-like manner, evident through her minor acts of disobedience and lack ofresponsibility compiled with her lack of sophistication further emphasize thesubordinate role of woman. By the end of the play this is evident as sheeventually sees herself as an ignorant person, and unfit mother, and essentiallyher husbands wife. Edmond Gosse highlights the point that Her insipidity, herdollishness, come from the incessant repression of her family life (721). Norahas been spoonfed everything she has needed in life. Never having to think hascaused her to become dependent on others. This dependency has given way tosubordinateness, one that has grown into a social standing. Not only a positionin society, but a state of mind is created. When circumstances suddenly placeNora in a responsible position, and demand from her a moral judgment, she hasnone to giv e. She cannot possibly comprehend the severity of her decision toborrow money illegally. Their supposed inferiority has created a class ofignorant women who cannot take action let alone accept the consequences of theiractions. .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c , .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .postImageUrl , .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c , .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:hover , .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:visited , .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:active { border:0!important; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:active , .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubea1fa43793d0a9f8f6010329cedb15c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Phoenix Jackson By Eudora Welty EssayA Dolls House is also a prediction of change from this subordinateroll. According to Ibsen in his play, women will eventually progress andunderstand her position. Bernard Shaw notes that when Noras husbandinadvertently deems her unfit in her role as a mother, she begins to realizethat her actions consisting of playing with her children happily or dressingthem nicely does not necessarily make her a suitable parent (226). She needs tobe more to her children than an empty figurehead. From this point, when Torvaldis making a speech about the effects of a deceitful mother, until the finalscene, Nora progressively confronts the realities of t he real world and realizesher subordinate position. Although she is progressively understanding thisposition, she still clings to the hope that her husband will come to herprotection and defend her from the outside world once her crime is out in theopen. After she reveals the dastardly deed to her husband, he becomesunderstandably agitated; in his frustration he shares the outside world with her,the ignorance of the serious business world, and destroys her innocence andself-esteem. This disillusion marks the final destructive blow to her dollshouse. Their ideal home including their marriage and parenting has been afabrication for the sake of society. Noras decision to leave this false lifebehind and discover for herself what is real is directly symbolic of womansultimate realization. Although she becomes aware of her supposedsubordinateness, it is not because of this that she has the desire to takeaction. Nora is utterly confused, as suggested by Harold Clurman, She isgroping sadly in a maze of confused feeling toward a way of life and a destinyof which she is most uncertain (256). The one thing she is aware of is herignorance, and her desire to go out into the world is not to prove herself butto discover and educate herself. She must strive to find her individuality. That the perception of woman is inaccurate is also supported by the roleof Torvald. Woman is believed to be subordinate to the domineering husband. Instead of being the strong supporter and protector of his family, Norashusband is a mean and cowardly man. Worried about his reputation he careslittle about his wifes feelings and fails to notice many of her needs. Thepopular impression of man is discarded in favor of a more realistic view, thusillustrating societys distorted views. Ibsen, through this controversial play, has an impact upon societysview of the subordinate position of women. By describing this role of woman,discussing its effects, and predicting a change in contemporary views, hestressed the importance of womans realization of this believed inferiority. Woman should no longer be seen as the shadow of man, but a person in herself,with her own triumphs and tragedies. The exploration of Nora reveals that sheis dependant upon her husband and displays no independent standing. Herprogression of understanding suggests womans future ability to comprehend theirplight. Her state of shocked awareness at the end of the play is representativeof the awakening of society to the changing view of the role of woman. ADolls House magnificently illustrates the need for and a prediction of thischange. rhmmmm, thats a paddlin

To Each Waste Its Dumping Site

Introduction Globalization process has had several impacts on the social economic and political spheres. The effects of globalization have really been debated on by several scholars and other interest groups who have always questioned its effects on the human beings and the environment at large. For example some people have always argued that it has done more harm than good to the developing countries, while others also contend that it has enabled the developing countries advance socially, politically and also economically.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on To Each Waste Its Dumping Site specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bauman’s Arguments on Wasted Lives Zygmunt Bauman is one of those people who have made critical analysis of globalization. According to him, globalization has led to a lot of trouble to human beings. The following are his arguments about globalization. Globalization has been discussed so mu ch in the current political discourses but very little has been done by various stakeholders to formulate laws that can govern it. Increasing Cases of International Crimes Criminal cases are increasingly becoming international yet there are no effective laws to curb its spread. Criminals have become very difficult to deal with simply because they have got a lot of resources which they use to protect themselves from penalties. The government has since resorted to dealing with minor cases involving immigrants who engage in petty offences such as violence and petty theft. In addition to this, the global environment gives the criminals a chance to interact freely and do business just like ordinary citizens and this has also been attributed to lack of effective international laws. The international laws that are used to govern globalization have been extensively abused by various countries especially the developed ones who have always used it as an avenue to defend their inhuman actions against the developing countries. The international community has also failed to deal with its obligations. They tend to shy away from the complicated problems and issues but they instead focus on the things they can achieve easily in order to disguise people that they are indeed working had to save human beings. Refugee Problem in Developed Countries Many people from developing countries have always found there way to the developed countries like USA through government support. This has always been done without the consultation of the people who are likely to be directly affected by the influx of immigrants in their country. The process of colonization also led to the division of the world into various artificial territorial boundaries. Apart from this, a lot of wealth was drawn from the countries which were colonized by the European countries. This led to such countries remaining economically poor while the European countries developed. The post colonial period saw several attempt s by the liberated countries to transform themselves from colonial domination to self governance. In the process of transformation, they also developed security measures to curb international crime. The manner this has been done in most African countries is questionable. For example security is always tight at the international entrance and exit routes like air ports while the local boarders remain porous and people can easily sneak in illegal things into a given country.Advertising Looking for article on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Global Pollution Pollution has currently taken a global dimension in which there is pollution in every part of the world. Human waste has been noted to be on the increase and it has actually reached its optimum level. Developing countries in Africa have not been spared because they also received modernity which produces these wastes. They however lack the capacity to handle these wa stes. African countries have been faced by many challenges especially poverty and civil wars. The Europeans have dominated the investments in Africa hence Africans cannot compete with them favorably in trade. This has led to massive unemployment. Civil wars, terrorism and rebels have strained the economies of some developing countries. The developing countries have been seen to be only excelling in the production of refugees. It has been realized that most of developing countries create problems for themselves locally and then they seek international assistance. Challenges Faced by Refugees Refugees who migrate to USA have always faced many challenges and they always lack the chance to be fully integrated into the new world. They have always been seen as human wastes that cannot bring any positive change. Since the dumping places are now over stretched due to a high production of human waste, the refugees are now left to stay in squalid conditions in their territories. The humanitar ians who have always claimed to be main people helping refugees have also done nothing good to help them improve their status. By simply removing them away from the rebels they are actually assisting the rebels to continue being extremists. They should negotiate with the rebels in order to provide a long term solution to the conflicts. The government of USA has not been keen to help the black population in America and it has always used their residential places as one of their dumping places. Areas inhabited by many blacks are being subjected to a lot of inhuman treatment. For example security measures have been very tight in their towns not because they are being protected but just to ensure that they do not engage in criminal activities. There is a general suspicion that the black communities in US are criminals and the government is doing everything possible to quarantine the movement of the black youths who it believes can breach security. The schools accessed by most of the bla cks can only be compared to correctional facilities. The education offered to them cannot help them to achieve any thing good in life. Many prisons are being constructed at the expense of providing better services to the community. Economic Development Many countries trying to develop their economies have always looked for guidance from USA but this has not been successful. Even the US government has faced several economic challenges which it is grappling with. The countries that seek financial assistance from them are always given the assistance with several conditions attached to them.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on To Each Waste Its Dumping Site specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has been used as a mechanism to continue exploiting the developing countries. For example the loans and grants from the developed countries are always very expensive for most of the developing countries to service. Changing Glo bal Relationships For several years the global relationship among various countries has revolved around commercial activities. This mutual relationship is slowly taking a new dimension and various countries are now ganging against each other for the purpose of military confrontation. Terrorism is also increasing and some countries have been seen to favor its course by funding the rebels. It has also been realized that most of the conflicts that we currently have between some countries have been championed by external forces. Various governments have also failed to honor the law and this has led to many inter tribal wars in many developing countries. Conclusion From the above discussion it is clear that globalization has continued to extend the European hegemony in the developing countries and they simply treat Africans as wasted human beings. The only way Africans can solve these problems is through finding domestic solutions to their problems. Works Cited Bauman, Zygmunt. Wasted li ves: modernity and its outcasts. New York: Polity, 2004. This article on To Each Waste Its Dumping Site was written and submitted by user Malaki Daniel to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Career Aptitude Test Find a Job That is the Best Fit for Your Personality

Career Aptitude Test Find a Job That is the Best Fit for Your Personality If you’re the type of person who always knew what career you wanted to go into, and are astoundingly happy and secure in your career path, then you, my friend, are doing great. If you’re not sure you’ve made the right career choices, or are feeling increasingly restless in your job, then you, my other friend, are in good company. Maybe you picked something that interested you right out of school, but have come to find that you’re no longer so keen on the field. Maybe you picked your job or career because you thought it would be totally different. Whatever the case, you don’t have to make your decisions (stay or go? What do I want to do?) blindly. There are a variety of tools available that measure your strengths and weaknesses such as career aptitude tests. You’re welcome to find a zen place (beach, shady tree, lonely desert) and think hard about what you want to do with your career. But if you’re like the rest of us, you might need a little additional help to make the best choice. Chances are, you know yourself pretty well- but there are tools that can help you figure out if your personality and approach are a good fit for your career path. And if not, where your strengths might lead you.Why Personality Matters in Your CareerIn the career world, data matters. Your skills matter. Your experience matters. Your references matter. What can get lost in this process sometimes is the real, complete you. Defining your professional qualities and actions on paper is pretty easy (wrangling them into bullet points and concrete examples, slightly less so). What doesn’t necessarily come across in your resume is your personality, the sum total of your experience, outlook on life, sense of humor, values, and priorities. You may have more of a chance to show other sides of yourself in an interview, but it’s still a very limited, controlled environment.Figuring out your personality and work style is more of a person al thing. The better you know yourself and how you react to situations, the more likely you are to seek out jobs and careers that match up with that. It’s like trying on pants. You can like what you see on the rack, and assume that because they’re your size, they’ll be fine. And maybe they will, but if you don’t try them on first, or you run the risk of being happy with said pants when you get them home. On the other hand, if you know the brand of pants well, like the style, and confirm they’ll look good on you before you buy, then you’ll probably be pretty happy with your pants. Career happiness is probably more important to you long-term than pants happiness, so it makes sense that you’d want to apply at least as much care to your career choices as well.Personality also matters to your daily work life, even beyond the choice of a job. It’s a major factor in your success and satisfaction on the job. Are you a leader or more of a platoon member? Can you overcome major differences with colleagues or bosses to get things done? Are you a lone wolf that prefers hunkering down and getting things done over working with a team on a project? Are you an introvert or an extrovert? Do you prefer look at the big picture, or are the small details all you can see?It’s important to understand how you interact at work, and what your comfort zones are. It can be good to push those comfort zones a little for the sake of personal and professional growth, but it’s best to be reasonable about it. If you’re an introvert, a job where you have the spotlight on you just might not be very satisfying in the long term. You can change jobs, but changing your personality is just not very feasible.For more on personality and your career, check out this video: [via OTM Education]So how do we figure out this baseline personality, and start making smarter career decisions? To the internet!How to Figure Out Your PathTh e online world isn’t just good for helping you figure out which Game of Thrones character you would be†¦it also has more serious quizzes that you can use to help you figure out what your own real-life character is (you’ll still have plenty of time later to figure out whether you’re a Lannister or a Stark).Online quizzes and surveys that go beyond Facebook memes can help you really drill down into your character and personality, and figure out where to go from there.Let’s look at some of the top personality/career quizzes and assessments.The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)The MBTI is a general personality assessment that is used broadly by professionals when it comes to evaluating new hires or potential candidates. It assesses personal preferences, like motivation, how you process information, how you view the world, etc. The official test is $49.95, but there are also free versions kicking around as well.How to apply it to your career: Sites like this one have already done some of the leg work in figuring out what types of jobs match your Myers-Briggs personality type.TruityTruity builds on the Myers-Briggs type, and offers a TypeFinder assessment that also identifies your personal strengths.How to apply it to your career: Truity recommends different job types based on your TypeFinder results. The official TypeFinder Personality test costs $29, but smaller subtests (including one to figure out your temperament) are free.PymetricsPymetrics uses games to help gauge your personality, strength, and weaknesses, and match you up with careers and companies looking for your type. It’s not your average personality quiz- the interactive mind games make it feel more like you’re taking a break than taking a test. It’s free to sign up and start playing the games.How to apply it to your career: The site features a matchmaking-type option that lets you find companies that would fit well with your personality. Itâ€℠¢s non-binding, but it can give you more information about the kinds of roles that might suit you.The Johnson-O’Connor Career Aptitude TestThis one is a bit of a flashback to those aptitude tests you took in high school, which you then had to discuss with your guidance counselor in a meeting about Your Future. It’s a pretty straightforward paper-and-pencil test that you can download and take. Also, this test is hosted on Oprah’s website, and as far as careers go, Ms. Winfrey and her media empire are a pretty solid success story, wouldn’t you say?How to apply it to your career: The results on each individual test (there are five overall) show your strengths, and recommend general careers based on those strengths.The MAPP Career Assessment TestThis assessment is free to try, but costs $89.95 to get full results and reports. It’s a 15-minute test where you choose one statement out of sets of three, and is billed by MAPP as the â€Å"most comprehensiv e online career test.†How to apply it to your career: Upon completion of the test, the site promises to match you to five different careers based on the results. This can help point you in a particular direction (or away from another).The O*Net Interest ProfilerThis one is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor, and is more career-interest-oriented than personality-oriented.How to apply it to your career: Based on your results, you can search the Department of Labor’s database for more information on your recommended career paths. You can also search based on experience, education, etc., meaning you can find jobs that will be a good fit for you based on where you are right now.What Happens Once You Know Your Personality?Once you’ve got a better sense of what your personality type is, you can start drilling down into what that means for your actual career. The intersection of personality and career is a pretty hot one right now, and there’s a growing num ber of resources devoted to matching your job to your personality type. Many of the test sites above have direct resources for searching for jobs that match you (rather than the other way around), but you can also just start looking up categories of jobs. [via Business Insider]You should also start looking at job descriptions for key words. If your strengths lie in teamwork, look for positions that call for collaboration. If you’re still not sure what kind of job would be best for you, dive into a job search site like Indeed or Monster and start reading through different types of job descriptions, even if you’re not immediately interested in the job itself. Remember: in this exercise, the more information you have, the better.Personality insight is also helpful for things like networking. Knowing whether you’re an introvert or an extrovert can help you find ways to approach new contacts in a way that suits your style (meet for coffee or email back and forth?).Al so, personality tests aren’t just for people looking to jump ship to another job- knowing your strengths and comfort zones can help you modify your current job to be more comfortable. You can take this info and have a conversation with your boss about how to work more efficiently based on your personality, or how to re-prioritize in order to meet your goals better.Your long-term career happiness depends on a lot of things (job, salary, benefits, coworkers and bosses), but the most important thing is you. And the more info you have about yourself and your needs, the better prepared you’ll be to meet your goals and be satisfied with your career.

Leadership Theories Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership Theories - Article Example orting leadership style for employees that are unmotivated but skilled, and observing leadership style for employees that are skilled as well as motivated. Wharton Professor Robert House developed the path-goal theory of leadership (Basu, 2014). According to this leadership theory, leadership style impacts employees’ performance and job satisfaction. Successful leaders establish goals and lay out clear path in front of employees so that they may be able to achieve their goals. Leaders also play a role in clearing obstacles and providing employees with incentives for milestone achievement. Leaders should support employees to improve their confidence, instruct them on ambiguous tasks, and demand from them when they look unmotivated. This requires constant and frequent interaction between the leader and followers so that employees may be included in the decision-making process also. The fundamental concept on which the path-goal theory is based is the way rewards are used by the leaders to motivate the workforce. It is the situation that depicts the type of rewards which would suit. The situational model of leadership is more elaborative in offering suggestions regarding the ways in which leaders should change their style as per the demands of the different situations. In order to be effective as leaders, leaders should first prioritize their tasks, then they should evaluate the motivation and skill of employees, and then the leaders should decide which style of leadership to adopt on the basis of the information collected in the first two steps. Leaders might also need to use different styles in combination to deal with the different organizational personnel. On the other hand, the path-goal theory suggests leaders to identify the skills of employees before assigning them responsibilities, and convince them that they are capable enough to perform the assigned tasks successfully. Successful employees should be rewarded for their good performance. There are

Overview of the Israel-Palestine conflict Essay

Overview of the Israel-Palestine conflict - Essay Example The conditions got exacerbated due to violent tradeoffs between both sides in their short span of history. Right from the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, to the 1967 six-day war, and recent spate of suicide bombings from Palestinian side, in response to Israeli disregard to basic human rights needs of Arabs in the country. In this whole uncharacteristic mess, if there is light at the end of the tunnel, it is due to the number of peace treaties signed between the two sides, at the mediation of third parties like the United States and EU. The United Nations, on the other hand, has been the most important stabilizing force and this addresses the central question raised in the essay: What are the different sister organizations of the UN, instituted specifically for the Palestine problem What are their roles in relation to providing aid, relief and succor to bedraggled Palestinian civilians due to the never-ending nature of the problem What should be the future course of action, for the UN, and its sister organizations, in the era of changing global geopolitics, particularly the change in Government in Iraq, US stand-off with Iran, and the general climate in the Middle East The United Nations influence, however, has often been sidelined by major powers in the Security Council, especially the United States from time to time. A chapter in the UN peacekeeping guidelines handbook, contains harsh provisions with respect to "threats to the peace, breaches to peace, and acts of aggression", but often drastic measures taken by the UN are subjected to Veto disapproval (Zacarias, 1999). Under these provisions, the UN established its first UN Emergency Force (UNEF I) in 1956, and in 1965 again, a framework of peacekeeping was formed (Zacarias, 1999). But, a bipolar world then, and reverse ideologies made it impossible for the UN to act at its own discretion, as a peacekeeper in the Palestine problem (Zacarias, 1999). Whenever the strategic interest of a superpower was at stake, it was easy to ignore the UN mandate (Zacarias, 1999). However, since the end of the Cold War, there has been a resurgence in the UN's actual "powers" vis--vis International disputes resolution. It was the UN that facilitated Soviet troop withdrawal in Afghanistan, led to a peace agreement in Central America, led to political transition in Namibia, and undertook aid and peacekeeping efforts in many other places such as Gulf War Iraq, Somalia, Sudan, Rwanda, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq in recent times (Zacarias, 1999).

What I've learned from men by Barbara ehrenreich Essay

What I've learned from men by Barbara ehrenreich - Essay Example I don’t agree when she said that we may be able to learn from men what to do with anger (227), as women have long since learned to express anger in a civilized way, positively producing the desired effect, making men realize that women are able to stand for themselves. That does not lessen them as women. Instead it makes them women with substance. Women can be very aggressive but not rude, acknowledging their talents, abilities, skills and success with humility. Expressing oneself nicely rather than looking and waiting for a fight, makes a person better understood and listened to. Women today acknowledge that having education, firm character, belief in oneself and humility, do not make them less of a woman, but rather leads to essentially being a lady. For me being ladylike empowers a woman in getting what she wants. I believe that how you act and treat others determines how others act and treat you. Ehrenreich, Barbara. â€Å"What I’ve Learned From Men† From Idea to Essay 2009: A Rhetoric, Reader, and Handbook. McCuen-Metherell, J.R. and Winkler, A. Boston, MA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2009. 224-227. Google Books. Web. 5 March

E-marketing strategies for Nestle

E-marketing strategies for Nestle Consumers buying behaviour and want often changed rapidly as the trend of the market and the current fad had worked closely with the advancement of technology. Marketing has also moved to helping the buyer to buy rather than the traditional way of advertising that more towards to helping seller to sell which lead to companies to use the Internet as the effective tool to provide the customer with information and gained their buying decision whilst develop a lasting relationship. (Charlesworth, 2009). There are numerous of companies set up their business online, as a result, each business owner has to come out with new and appropriate e-marketing strategies in order for their company to be one step further or stay competitive with its rivals. As in the food manufacturer industry, Nestlà © (M) Bhd. had growth and made expansion throughout Malaysian which became the trusted names in every household from generation to generation. As to move along with the current fab, Nestlà © (M) Bhd a lso breaking its traditional ways of advertising and penetrate into the Internet world in order to stay on top of the summit of food manufacturer leader in the country and increase the company Return on Investment. 2.0 Introduction E-business has become in vogue because of it benefits such as cost effective, enable better customer relationship, gaining competitive advantage and etc. By making the appropriate and critical use of e-marketing strategies and practices through Internet, companies can achieve their objectives and sustain competitive advantage over its rivals. As for this report, Nestlà © (M) Bhd. will be chosen as the case study. Nestlà © Malaysia is the food manufacturer which manufactures its products in 7 factories and operates from its head office in Mutiara Damansara, and 6 other offices in Malaysia. Nestlà © Malaysia manufactures more than 300 Halal products with the brand name such as MILO, NESCAFÉ, MAGGI, NESPRAY, KIT KAT and etc. (See Appendix 1 for Nestlà © Malaysias history) In this business report, it illustrates e-marketing strategies of Nestlà © (M) Bhd. that can be adopted to achieve the objective of the company, which are likely to produce the best of Return on Investment (ROI). In order to achieve this objective, Nestlà © (M) Bhd. can: Build and market Nestlà © Brand via internet Advertise and attract more online users to Nestlà ©s website Improve online sales and boost business profit Develop and build relationship with customer base The e-marketing strategies recommended to Nestlà © (M) Bhd. to implement to achieve the company Return of Investment (ROI) as mentioned above are website development, viral marketing, affiliate marketing, search engine optimization (SEO), domain name, online advertising and email marketing. 3.0 E-marketing Strategies Nestlà © Malaysia can be Adopted to Achieve the best of Return on Investment (ROI) 3.1 Website Development To achieve the objective of Nestlà © Malaysia to produce the best of Return on Investment (ROI), developing and designing a good website is the most important and initial stage in the e-marketing strategies. Based on the Internet World Stats (Figure 1), Asia has the highest percentage of Internet users in the world; this shows that Asia is an Internet-mature country among the world and this indicates a potential online market whereby Internet is currently a fad tool for them to look for information, therefore, a quality website design is a key to attract more online users to Nestlà © Malaysias website. 3.1.1 Presentation Based on Dr. Wilson (2003), the splash pages which is the home pages with dancing logos powered by Macromedia Flash technology designed to annoy and turn away visitors before they reach the real home page. Charlesworth, (2009) states that a website should be designed for its target readership and is easy to find information. In the case of Nestlà © Malaysia, some of the webpage of it brands such as NESLAC, MAGGIE are designed with Flash type technologies. Nestlà © Malaysia can improve on this area because a web page is designed for key audience and sending messages around their needs and glossy graphic form the Flash will grabs attention and brand association from the audience. (Tobin, 2008). Nestlà © Malaysia also has to ensure that the entire site is consistent, with every page in the site is follow the same layout and structure. Besides, in terms of the subject of the page width, the site should be user printed friendly by setting the page width not more than the maximum width of 750 pixels to conveniences the visitors when they want to do print-out from the site. The site also should avoid using the large images especially on the front page as this will slower down the download time of the site and simply turn away the impatient web users. (Charlesworth, 2009). 3.1.2 Usability According to Charlesworth (2009), website usability is to aid visitor to achieve their objectives for visiting the site in the simplest as easiest way. Most of the Internet users are used to a certain user interface elements where they usually reluctant to learn or adapt new thing with just to use the website. Nestlà © Malaysia should design its sites with a clear categorization of its brands. In a case of a user would like to look for the information regarding Growing Up Milk, the site should easily link to the user, e.g. Brands > Milk > Growing Up Milk > NESPRAY. This is vital as a smooth visitors flow will definitely adding percentage of turning an Internet browser into e-shopper. As Nestlà © Malaysias website comes along with many pages with its myriad of product brands, the navigation of the site should be taking into account. This is because some of the users might not arrive on the front page when they enter the site, so there is a possible risk for this potential users might not aware of other content from the site. Nestlà © Malaysia should ensure that the in-site search facility they provided will offer a marketing message, i.e. search again, whenever there are no matching products for the users particular search. 3.1.3 Content According to Chen Barnes (2007), shoppers make purchase decisions based on the information provided by the sites. Besides, content is being recognized by the users where a successful Internet presence has always been about effectively delivery of the information of the visitors wants Content is king!. Nestlà © Malaysia should always -update the content of its site by providing the latest and useful information of the product for each of its brands. Nestlà © Malaysia also can give a description of ingredients used, dietary exchange per serving and allergen information such as eggs, milk, soy to steer clear of consequences of customers who are allergic to certain ingredients of each of its brand products. By adopting the web as a commercial medium, Nestlà © Malaysia can benefited in a way that it can deliver its products such as products promotion, newly launched products through a direct and information oriented manner to the web users. This can help Nestlà © Malaysia to lower their cost for postage, printing cost, television commercial cost that incur when using the traditional advertising. 3.2 Viral Marketing Viral marketing have the extremely powerful effect in the form of word-of-mouth advertising techniques which utilizes the popularity of online social networks, forums, email, blogs and other resources to deliver marketing message and hence bring exponential business growth. Nestlà © Malaysia can market and build its brands through these channels such as Facebook, MySpace, Tagged, Twitter. According to Figure 2, more than 30 billion pieces of content such as web links, news stories, blog posts, notes, photo albums, etc had been shared each month in Facebook. Nestlà © Malaysia can use Facebook to build the brand of its products as the company can target these number of users in Facebook to promote the brands. For instance, Jane a Facebook user who shared her newly experiences on the taste of Nestlà © new products, MAGGI ® TASTYLITEà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Atta Whole Wheat Instant Noodle by uploading pictures of her having the noodles will certainly draw the attention of her Facebook users friends to browse on the Nestlà ©s website. This can lead to the increase of sales of Nestlà © and helps Nestlà © to achieve the Return on Investment. Based on the graph above (Figure 3), the numbers of visitors to Twitter.com in May are exceeding 20 million. The users of Twitter often post their daily status on their account and many user of Twitter will follow their friends tweets. This can help Nestlà © if for instance, Alan a Twitter user who satisfy after experienced with Nestlà © products and posted the review on his Twitter account, this will more likely to let his friend who follow his tweet will make purchase of Nestlà ©s product if they have read positive comments from the tweet. 3.2.1 Criteria that requires for Successful Viral Campaign Nestlà © Malaysia has to ensure that the information on its site is: Easy to forward For instance, Nestlà © should making sure that its website enhance a good usability techniques that will make the receiver to pass the information of the sites on to others. The Nestlà © site can add in the email to a friend button on every product so the visitors can easily share the information with their friends. (Charlesworth, 2009) Right target audience Nestlà © Malaysia can provide more details information regarding the products so that the receiver will realize which message are suitable to forward to their friends. Take for example, the dairy products from Nestlà © Malaysia can be range from growing up milk to adult milk, therefore, Nestlà © should categorized its products accordingly so that the consumers will only forward the message to their friends in accordance to their needs. (Charlesworth, 2009) Message is placed where it can be seen Nestlà © Malaysia not only can target its products information message and ads on mailing list but it only can place them on an appropriate website, blog. For instance, Nestlà © Malaysia can place its product on the local famous food blog such as Criz Bon Appetite blog because there were many blog viewers who followed the blog and therefore they will also notice on Nestlà ©s ads. (Charlesworth, 2009) 3.3 Affiliate Marketing There were many types of affiliate marketing such as Pay-Per-Click (PPC), Pay-Per-Sale (PPS) advertising, loyalty websites, email lists and etc. Nestlà © Malaysia can use affiliate marketing as one of its marketing strategy to improve its sales while build up its brand and finally lead to produce the best of Return on Investment. For example, Nestlà © Malaysia can advertise its products in ClickBank.com where Nestlà © Malaysia itself become the vendor in ClickBank and wait for the affiliate marketers in ClickBank to promotes its products. Then, the marketers in ClickBank will promote the Nestlà © products on the Internet, if any buyers who click and browse on the marketers link, ClickBank will charge on Nestlà © in the share profits basis upon a successful purchase. This type of charging are knows as Pay-Per-Click (PPC). One of the advantages of Nestlà © through this strategy is that it will have a wider place to sell its products and the more websites that publish by the marketers will naturally provide more customers and create more sales. As through this strategy, it will help Nestlà © to build up the brand name of and at the same time increase sales volume and achieve time efficiency. 3.4 Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Search engine optimization is one of the very potent e-marketing approaches that can help Nestlà © Malaysia in achieving its objective of producing the best of Return on Investment by increase the traffic to its website. This can be done by enhancing the visibility and accessibility to Nestlà © Malaysia website from search engines such as Google, Yahoo!, Baidu and etc. According to the Jupiter Media Metrix, surveyed resulted that 47% of web users said that the most common way they find products or online stores is through search engines. The top 10 results to the search query get 78% more web traffic as compared to the subsequent listing. (Strauss, El-ansary, and Frost, 2003). 3.4.1 Comparison of daily traffic rank trend between Nestle Malaysia Berhad Unilever Malaysia from Jun-Aug10 of both Based on Figure 4 5, Nestle Malaysia ranked number 205,070 while Unilever Malaysia ranked number 1,199,354 in the world according to the alexa traffic rank. This indicates that Nestle Malaysia had a very low percentages visitors visit on their sites as compared to its competitor, Unilever Malaysia. The fraction of visits to the site referred by search engines for Nestle Malaysia is roughly 11% while approximately 45% for Unilever Malaysia. Unilever Malaysia is relatively popular among users in the city of Kuala Lumpur which ranked #14,163. Figure 6 illustrates that Google dominated the market share of search engine in Asia which is about 86.30 percent out of the total market share. In order to gain competitive advantage and to increase the website traffic, Nestlà © Malaysia should adopt search engine optimization strategy through the famous search engines Google. Besides, Ottos Cookies also can place their advertisement in Google AdSense so that online users will aware of Ottos Cookies website that appeared on the various websites of Google. This also can help Nestlà © Malaysia to gain more visitors to their websites. 3.4.2 Advantages of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) The advantage of search engine optimization is that it can deliver Nestlà © Malaysia website among the top ranked sites in the web. There will be a greater likelihood of internet users visiting Nestlà © Malaysia website if it is ranked on top of the first page as compared to the website ranked at third or latter page of search engines. Moreover, search engine optimization also aids Nestlà © Malaysia in promoting the brand on the related award Nestlà © Malaysia has won such as the Asian Marketing Effectiveness Awards (AMEA) 2007 from the NESCAFÉ Kick-Start category. This will definitely lead to the visitors decision and assist visitors to come up o purchasing Nestlà © Malaysia products. 3.5 Domain Name The domain name of the company is the fundamental when considering the website as the company brand. According to Murphy and Scharl (2007), an effective online presence is crucial to a brands internet success whereby a successful online presence came in place. This can be successful when customers can found the brand name when they type the brand name followed by the global or the country suffix in the search engines. By using the company trademark or its brand name can certainly helps consumers to quickly find the site and adds power to the brands. (Strauss, El-Ansary, and Frost, 2006). This is added-value to Nestlà © Malaysia which registered the domain name with the local country suffix as nestle.com.my. Besides, Nestlà © Malaysia also can create multiple domain names to cover variations of it products brand as well by using the top search engines- Google to promote its domain name. This can help Nestlà © Malaysia to promote its websites and attain more online users to its site. 3.6 Online Advertising Nestlà © Malaysia objective is to produce greater Return on Investment by creating brand awareness of the public through the medium of Internet. As for this, Nestlà © Malaysia can use the online advertising as it is the powerful tool to start and strengthen relationships with customers in brand promotion. Nestlà © Malaysia can place their advertisements of their various brand of product through the web. For instance, Nestlà © Malaysia can apply one of the forms of paid advertising models such as Pay-Per-Click (PPC). (Charlesworth, 2009). By using Pay-Per-Click advertising, Nestlà © Malaysia can place their advertisement in Google AdWords whereby Nestlà © Malaysia advertisement will appear in the search results of Google when people search on Google using one of its keywords. For instance, the keywords of good food, good life will immediately link Nestlà © site on top of the search engines. Nestlà © Malaysia will only have to pay to Google on performance when the users click on the advertisement of Nestlà © Malaysia. However, the keyword bid in Google also might be affected by the Clickthrough rate (CTR). The keyword bid of Google are depends on its quality score. If the previous ads of Nestlà © Malaysia had been attracting many clicks from the users, naturally this good track of record will gain more credit. This is a disadvantage for the first time advertisers as they will be penalized as they do not have record of history. (Charlesworth, 2009). With the increase number of information, people and time spend on Internet; Nestlà © Malaysia can easily promote its brand through online advertising. Besides, by using the Pay-Per-Click advertising, Nestlà © Malaysia can easily track the number of people who gets to know their advertisement and this can help them to trace the popularity of their brand in the Internet and also the effectiveness of their advertisement. Moreover, Nestlà © Malaysia also can advertise its brands on the blog and forum in the form of banner ads. For instance, the famous social media sites such as Blogger, Lowyat.net forum and etc. There is also community websites where Nestlà © Malaysia can post its ads as the content of the community websites is decided by the community members. (Charlesworth, 2009). In addition, online advertising also has greater range as compared to publications such as TV advertising which cater to a particular geographical area. As Internet can reach people around the world, Nestlà © Malaysia brand will be recognized globally and hence this can create business opportunity by bringing Nestlà © Malaysia out of the country. 3.7 Email Marketing Nestlà © Malaysia can specially create lists of consumers who agree to receive email to have the privileges to redeemed special rewards such as gift certificate from Nestlà © Malaysia to attract consumers to give them permission to email them on relevant news from Nestlà © Malaysia. This can attract more consumers to visit their website and at the same time brush up Nestlà © Malaysia brand name. Additionally, Nestlà © Malaysia can request the consumers email address and information used to registers a site when they make an online or offline purchase. By doing so, Nestlà © Malaysia actually can give online memberships to their customers who register to their websites and for every new registered customers will entitle extra discounts when make purchase on their products. This can help Nestlà © Malaysia to targets their consumers based on geography, age, income, spending powers and etc. Nestlà © Malaysia gets to build and maintain the relationship through a variety of communications such as newsletters, special offers or promotions to members, and customer services. With email marketing, Nestlà © Malaysia can transmit their email about the company products and services promotions instantly to the potential customers with literally just the click of a mouse and this factor already make email marketing strategy an extremely cost effective. In addition, as compared to offline normal postage, email advertising is faster and convenient. There are also no printing and postage charges required for email advertising. 4.0 Conclusion and Recommendation It is important to Nestlà © Malaysia to have a better understanding on how the e-marketing strategies will bring effects towards achieving the company objective of producing the best of Return on Investment. Applying the appropriate strategies based on the company needs will help the company to stay competitive and stand strong in the market. In order to be better and having more opportunities than the rivals, the e-marketing strategies that chosen by the company also must compatible with current fad of the market and be creative from others in the sense that it also should applicable to the company. (3310 words) 5.0 Harvard Referencing 5.1 Book Resources Charlesworth, A., 2009. Internet marketing: a practical approach. Slovenia: Butterworth-Heinemann. Strauss, J., El-Ansary, A. and Frost, R., 2006. E-marketing. 4th ed. United States of America: Pearson Prentice Hall. Turban, E., King, D., Viehland, D. and Lee, J., 2006. Electronic Commerce A Managerial Perspective. 4th ed., United States of America: Pearson Prentice Hall. 5.2 Electronic Resources Alexa Internet, 2010. Nestle Malaysia Berhad. [Online] Available at: http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/nestle.com.my# [Accessed 20 August 2010]. Alexa Internet, 2010. Unilever-static Version. [Online] Available at: http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/unilever.com.my [Accessed 20 August 2010]. Available at: http://www.crizfood.com/ [Accessed 15 August 2010]. ClickBank, 2010. [Online] Available at: http://www.clickbank.com/index.html [Accessed 16 August 2010]. Facebook ,2010. Press room: Statistics. [Online]. Available at: http://www.facebook.com/press/info.php?statistics [Accessed 18 August 2010]. Folio Snap, 2010. Twelve reasons not to have flash website. [Online] Available at: http://www.foliosnap.com/whynotflash.php [Accessed 10 August 2010]. Google AdSense. Maximize revenue from your online content. [Online] Available at: https://www.google.com/accounts/ServiceLogin?service=adsenserm=hidefpui=3nui=15alwf=trueltmpl=adsensepassive=truecontinue=https://www.google.com/adsense/gaiaauth2followup=https://www.google.com/adsense/gaiaauth2hl=en_US [Accessed 22 August 2010]. Google Adwords. Advertise your business on Google. [Online] Available at: https://www.google.com/accounts/ServiceLogin?service=adwordshl=en_USltmpl=adwordspassive=trueifr=falsealwf=truecontinue=https://adwords.google.com/um/gaiaauth%3Fapt%3DNone%26ugl%3Dtruegsessionid=dv6snIDEoVr750b7WVNf8g [Accessed 25 August 2010]. Internet World Stats, 2010. Internet Users in the World Distribution by World Regions 2010. [Online] (Updated 30 June 2010) Available at: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm [Accessed 9 August 2010]. Maggie, 2010. Lets masak-masak. [Online] Available at: http://www.maggi.com.my/ [Accessed 9 August 2010]. Murphy, J., Scharl, A., 2007. An investigation of global versus local online branding. International Marketing Review, [Online] 24(3), pp. 297-312. Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02651330710755302 [Accessed 8 August 2010]. Nestlà ©, 2010. Neslac excella gold. [Online] Available at: http://www.excellencebeginsyoung.com.my/ [Accessed 8 August 2010]. Nestlà ©, 2010. Nestlà © insights: Awards and Recognition. [Online] Available at: http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+Insights/Corporate+Information/awards.htm [Accessed 23 August 2010]. Nestlà ©, 2010. Nestlà © insights: Awards and Recognition. [Online] Available at: http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+Insights/Corporate+Information/awards.htm [Accessed 23 August 2010]. Nestlà ©, 2010. Nestlà © insights: Nestlà © in Malaysia. [Online] Available at: http://www.nestle.com.my/nestle+insights/corporate+information/nestleinmalaysia [Accessed 8 August 2010]. StatCounter Global Stats, 2010. Top 5 search engines in Asia from Jan 10 to Aug 10. [Online] Available at: http://gs.statcounter.com/#search_engine-as-monthly-201001-201008-bar [Accessed 21 August 2010]. TechCrunch, 2010. Costolo:Twitter now has 190 million users tweeting 64 million times a day. [Online] Available at: http://techcrunch.com/2010/06/08/twitter-190-million-users/ [Accessed 15 August 2010].